Where did the Vikings gained the knowledge of crucible steel for making Ulfberht swords? Did they learn it from themselves? Did the Vikings had advanced native knowledge of science, philosophy, mathematics in
![Twitter 上的 Celestial Sentinel:"Ulfberht Swords. All-steel swords from the Viking era. Dated from 9th to 11th centuries, with blades made from crucible steel inlaid with the inscription +VLFBERH+T or +VLFBERHT+ Sword from Twitter 上的 Celestial Sentinel:"Ulfberht Swords. All-steel swords from the Viking era. Dated from 9th to 11th centuries, with blades made from crucible steel inlaid with the inscription +VLFBERH+T or +VLFBERHT+ Sword from](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/ERyjYPGW4AAi0XF.jpg:large)
Twitter 上的 Celestial Sentinel:"Ulfberht Swords. All-steel swords from the Viking era. Dated from 9th to 11th centuries, with blades made from crucible steel inlaid with the inscription +VLFBERH+T or +VLFBERHT+ Sword from
Merovingians: The Once, The Present, & Future kings - ULFBERHT...”A note on the analysis of Viking [Frankish?] swords”: (Summary: Historian Alan Williams [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Alan-Williams/e/B001JXWE9W%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share] in his book ...
![So far, only a dozen or so of forty-four examined Ulfberht swords are entirely of crucible steel, though some of the knock-of… | Viking sword, Sword, Ancient knives So far, only a dozen or so of forty-four examined Ulfberht swords are entirely of crucible steel, though some of the knock-of… | Viking sword, Sword, Ancient knives](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/cd/3b/81/cd3b8107fb2e1d863058a9b2ec85eb02.jpg)
So far, only a dozen or so of forty-four examined Ulfberht swords are entirely of crucible steel, though some of the knock-of… | Viking sword, Sword, Ancient knives
![Two Ulfberht blades - (L) Hilt by Jeff Pringle, (R) 'Counterfeit'/not crucible steel? | Viking sword, Swords medieval, Sword Two Ulfberht blades - (L) Hilt by Jeff Pringle, (R) 'Counterfeit'/not crucible steel? | Viking sword, Swords medieval, Sword](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/70/46/02/70460292dc38e6fa1c72acd2a64b2a90.jpg)